National Parks ,Sanctuaries and Biosphere reserves Explained

 

In-Situ Conservation: -Story Behind 

 

We at times come across terms like a National Park or Wildlife Sanctuary or Biosphere reserve, even we visit them.Difficult comes when we are not able to call on the difference between this three terms.The terms are basically associated with the conservation of “Bio-Diversity” in principle.These 3 entities are classic examples of “In-Situ Conservation”.In- Situ Conservation is a comprehensive system of “protected area”, which involves setting aside large portions of the earth `s surface for wildlife with emphasis either to save the entire are or an endangered species.According to world Conservation Union,”Protected Area” is defined as -“an area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity and of natural and associated cultural resources and managed through legal or other effective means”.There are different categories of protected areas which are managed with a different objective.These include national parks, sanctuaries, biospheres reserves, etc.

 

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National Parks

A National Park is an area which is strictly reserved for the betterment of the World life and where activities such as forestry, grazing or cultivation are not permitted, and no private ownership is allowed.A National Park is hitched to the habitat for particular wild animal species like lion, tiger, rhinoceros, etc. and its boundaries are circumscribed by legislation.Except for the buffer zone (where limited human activity is allowed), no biotic interference is allowed.

 

 

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Wildlife Sanctuary

A sanctuary is generally species -oriented as Great Indian Bustard, pitcher plant, etc. and its boundaries are not sacrosanct.Operations such as harvesting of timber, a collection of minor forest products and private ownership rights are permitted so long as they do not interfere with the well-being of animals.In other words, limited biotic interference is allowed.

Biosphere Reserve 

In Biosphere Reserve, multiple land use is permitted. A biosphere is not hitched to any one, two or more species, but to the whole ecosystem i.e totality of all forms of life.In it, wild populations, as well as traditional lifestyles of styles of tribals and varied domesticated plant and animal genetic resources, are protected.A biosphere, thus, is ecosystem-oriented.Its boundaries are circumscribed by legislation; and no biotic interference is allowed, except the buffer zone.

In-Situ Conservation is the best strategy for the long-term protection of biodiversity.

 

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